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算法实现题2
算法实现题2-9 排列的字典序问题
« 问题描述：
n个元素{1,2, , n }有n!个不同的排列。将这n!个排列按字典序排列，并编号为0，1，…，
n!-1。每个排列的编号为其字典序值。例如，当n=3时，6 个不同排列的字典序值如下：
字典序值 0 1 2 3 4 5
排列 123 132 213 231 312 321
« 编程任务：
给定n 以及n 个元素{1,2, , n }的一个排列，计算出这个排列的字典序值，以及按字
典序排列的下一个排列。
« 数据输入：
由文件input.txt提供输入数据。文件的第1 行是元素个数n。接下来的1 行是n个元素
{1,2, , n }的一个排列。
« 结果输出:
程序运行结束时，将计算出的排列的字典序值和按字典序排列的下一个排列输出到文件
output.txt中。文件的第一行是字典序值，第2行是按字典序排列的下一个排列。
输入文件示例 输出文件示例
input.txt output.txt
8
2 6 4 5 8 1 7 3
8227
2 6 4 5 8 3 1 7
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